Emile JF, Abla O, Fraitag S, Horne A, Haroche J, Donadieu J, et al. Revised classification of histiocytoses and neoplasms of the macrophage-dendritic cell lineages. Blood. 2016;127:2672–81.
Google ScholarÂ
Ramos-Casals M, Brito-Zeron P, Lopez-Guillermo A, Khamashta MA, Bosch X. Adult haemophagocytic syndrome. Lancet. 2014;383:1503–16.
Google ScholarÂ
Abdelhay A, Mahmoud A, Mostafa M, Jain T, Elseidy S, Fahmawi S, et al. Delay in treatment of adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is associated with worse in-hospital outcomes. Ann Hematol. 2023;102:2989–96.
Google ScholarÂ
Fardet L, Lambotte O, Meynard JL, Kamouh W, Galicier L, Marzac C, et al. Reactive haemophagocytic syndrome in 58 HIV-1-infected patients: clinical features, underlying diseases and prognosis. AIDS. 2010;24:1299–306.
Google ScholarÂ
Kimani SM, Painschab MS, Horner MJ, Muchengeti M, Fedoriw Y, Shiels MS, et al. Epidemiology of haematological malignancies in people living with HIV. Lancet HIV. 2020;7:e641–e51.
Google ScholarÂ
Tabaja H, Kanj A, El Zein S, Comba IY, Chehab O, Mahmood M. A review of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in patients with HIV. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2022;9:ofac071.
Google ScholarÂ
Migaud P, Drauz D, Dalla Pria A, Hosmann K, Muller M, Ghaeni L, et al. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in people living with HIV-a single centre experience. Infection. 2025;53:2203–7.
Google ScholarÂ
Migaud P, Muller M, Arasteh K, Hentrich M, Stocker H. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in HIV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders. Ann Hematol. 2022.
Lofstedt A, Jadersten M, Meeths M, Henter JI. Malignancy-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in Sweden: incidence, clinical characteristics, and survival. Blood. 2024;143:233–42.
Google ScholarÂ
Fardet L, Galicier L, Lambotte O, Marzac C, Aumont C, Chahwan D, et al. Development and validation of the HScore, a score for the diagnosis of reactive hemophagocytic syndrome. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014;66:2613–20.
Google ScholarÂ
Henter JI, Horne A, Arico M, Egeler RM, Filipovich AH, Imashuku S, et al. HLH-2004: Diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2007;48:124–31.
Google ScholarÂ
La Rosee P, Horne A, Hines M, von Bahr Greenwood T, Machowicz R, Berliner N, et al. Recommendations for the management of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults. Blood. 2019;133:2465–77.
Google ScholarÂ
Abdelhay A, Mahmoud AA, Al Ali O, Hashem A, Orakzai A, Jamshed S. Epidemiology, characteristics, and outcomes of adult haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in the USA, 2006-19: a national, retrospective cohort study. EClinicalMedicine. 2023;62:102143.
Google ScholarÂ
Migaud P, Dalla Pria A, Hosmann K, Kelleher P, Fulgenzi CAM, Stocker H, et al. Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in HIV-associated HHV-8-positive multicentric Castleman disease. AIDS. 2025;39:519–25.
Google ScholarÂ

